README

Explorer of Indonesian Population Pyramids from Harmonized and Non-Harmonized Census Data

Overview

censuspyrID R package provides harmonized and non-harmonized population pyramid datasets from the Indonesian population censuses (1971–2020). It includes functions for loading, filtering, and visualizing population data, as well as an interactive Shiny application for exploring demographic structures across provinces and census years.

The harmonized dataset (hpop5) uses consistent province codes across censuses to enable long-term trend analysis despite administrative expansion (pemekaran), while the non-harmonized dataset (ypop5) retains original province codes as published in each census year.

Both datasets were processed with steps including aggregation into 5-year age groups, prorate adjustment (redistribution) for missing attributes, and demographic smoothing (Arriaga and Karup–King–Newton methods). See Shyrock & Siegel (1976) for prorate adjusment and Aburto et al. (2022) for demographic smoothing methods.

Installation & Run

You can install the development version of censuspyrID from GitHub using remotes:

# install remotes if not already installed
install.packages("remotes")

# install censuspyrID from GitHub
remotes::install_github("aripurwantosp/censuspyrID")

The core feature of this package is the censuspyrID_explorer(), an interactive Shiny application that allows you to visually explore population pyramids, age profiles, and demographic trends across different provinces, census years, and smoothing methods., from R do

# load package
library(censuspyrID)

# launch the interactive application
censuspyrID_explorer()

The censuspyrID_explorer() function launches the application in your default web browser. See the Help menu within the application for a detailed navigation guide.

Functions

Besides the interactive Shiny application, censuspyrID also provides several functions that you can use directly in your R scripts for data processing and visualization:

Example Usage

Function	Description
`load_pop_data()`	Loads the main population datasets (`hpop5` or `ypop5`) with optional demographic smoothing applied (Arriaga or Karup–King–Newton).
`pop_data_by_year()`	Filters the data for a specific census year.
`pop_data_by_reg()`	Filters the data for a specific province ID.
`pyr_single()`	Creates a single population pyramid plot for a given region and year.
`pyr_trends()`	Generates trend plots of population pyramids over multiple census years.
`area_trends()`	Plots population proportions across three broad age groups (young, working-age, old) over time.
`pop_summary()`	Prints a formatted statistical summary, including sex ratio and dependency ratios.

library(censuspyrID)

# Load harmonized population data with Arriaga smoothing
pop_data <- load_pop_data(harmonized = TRUE, smoothing = "arriaga")

# Filter data for the 2020 census
pop_2020 <- pop_data_by_year(pop_data, year = 2020)

# Filter data for a specific province (e.g., DKI Jakarta, province_id = 31)
pop_jakarta <- pop_data_by_reg(pop_2020, reg = 31)

# Create a single population pyramid for Jakarta in 2020
pyr_single(pop_jakarta, reg_code = 31, year = 2020)

# Generate pyramid trends for Jakarta across all census years
pyr_trends(pop_data, reg_code = 31)

# Plot age-structure trends (0-14, 15-64, 65+) for Jakarta
area_trends(pop_data, reg_code = 31)

# Print a summary with sex ratio and dependency ratios
pop_summary(pop_jakarta)

Authors

Ari Purwanto Sarwo Prasojo

Ari is a Junior Researcher at the Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional – BRIN). His research focuses on quantitative and computational social demography, particularly on resilience and human development.

He holds a Bachelor of Science in Statistics from Brawijaya University, Malang (2016), and a Master’s degree in Population and Labor Economics (M.E.K.K.) from the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Indonesia (2022).

Puguh Prasetyoputra

Puguh is a Senior Researcher at the Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). He describes himself as an “analytical wordsmith, crafting stories with data as the pen and curiosity as the ink.”

He holds a Master of Health Economics from The University of Queensland, Australia (2012), and a Bachelor of Economics from Bogor Agricultural University (2010). His research interests include Health Demography, Health Economics, Health and Development, Nutrition and Health, and Household Surveys.

Nur Fitri Mustika Ayu

Nur is a Business Statistics student at the Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS), currently in her sixth semester. She has a strong background in data analysis, statistical methods, and their application in business decision-making.

Her skills include quantitative analysis, big data processing, and the use of statistical tools such as R, Python, and SQL. censuspyrID was developed as part of her internship project at the Research Center for Population, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN).

Citation

APA style: Prasojo, A. P. S., Prasetyoputra, P., & Ayu, N. F. M. (2025). censuspyrID: Explorer of Indonesian Population Pyramids from Harmonized and Non-Harmonized Census Data.

BibTeX: ```bibtex @misc{censuspyrid2025, author = {Prasojo, Ari Purwanto Sarwo and Prasetyoputra, Puguh and Ayu, Nur Fitri Mustika}, title = {censuspyrID: Explorer of Indonesian Population Pyramids from Harmonized and Non-Harmonized Census Data}, year = {2025} }