vegan: Community Ecology Package

Ordination methods, diversity analysis and other functions for community and vegetation ecologists.

Version:	2.7-5
Depends:	permute (≥ 0.9-0), R (≥ 4.1.0)
Imports:	MASS, cluster, lattice, mgcv
Suggests:	parallel, knitr, markdown
Published:	2026-05-25
DOI:	10.32614/CRAN.package.vegan
Author:	Jari Oksanen [aut, cre], Gavin L. Simpson [aut], F. Guillaume Blanchet [aut], Roeland Kindt [aut], Pierre Legendre [aut], Peter R. Minchin [aut], R.B. O'Hara [aut], Peter Solymos [aut], M. Henry H. Stevens [aut], Eduard Szoecs [aut], Helene Wagner [aut], Matt Barbour [ctb], Michael Bedward [aut], Henrik Bengtsson [ctb], Ben Bolker [aut], Daniel Borcard [aut], Tuomas Borman [ctb], Gustavo Carvalho [aut], Michael Chirico [ctb], Miquel De Caceres [aut], Sebastien Durand [aut], Heloisa Beatriz Antoniazi Evangelista [aut], Rich FitzJohn [ctb], Michael Friendly [ctb], Brendan Furneaux [ctb], Geoffrey Hannigan [aut], Isaac Heida [ctb], Mark O. Hill [aut], Leo Lahti [aut], Cameron Martino [aut], Dan McGlinn [ctb], Marie-Helene Ouellette [aut], Eduardo Ribeiro Cunha [aut], Tyler Smith [aut], Adrian Stier [aut], Cajo J.F. Ter Braak [aut], James Weedon [aut]
Maintainer:	Jari Oksanen <jhoksane at gmail.com>
BugReports:	https://github.com/vegandevs/vegan/issues
License:	GPL-2
URL:	https://vegandevs.github.io/vegan/, https://github.com/vegandevs/vegan
NeedsCompilation:	yes
Materials:	NEWS
In views:	Environmetrics, Phylogenetics, Psychometrics, Spatial
CRAN checks:	vegan results

Documentation:

Reference manual:	vegan.html , vegan.pdf
Vignettes:	Design decisions and implementation (source, R code) Diversity analysis in vegan (source, R code) Introduction to ordination in vegan (source, R code) Partition of Variation (source, R code) vegan FAQ (source)

Downloads:

Package source:	vegan_2.7-5.tar.gz
Windows binaries:	r-devel: vegan_2.7-3.zip, r-release: vegan_2.7-3.zip, r-oldrel: vegan_2.7-3.zip
macOS binaries:	r-release (arm64): vegan_2.7-5.tgz, r-oldrel (arm64): vegan_2.7-5.tgz, r-release (x86_64): vegan_2.7-5.tgz, r-oldrel (x86_64): vegan_2.7-5.tgz
Old sources:	vegan archive

Reverse dependencies:

Reverse depends:	analogue, BBI, betaper, BiodiversityR, bipartite, cocorresp, CommEcol, diathor, FD, ggordiplots, glmm.hp, KnowBR, metacom, mpmcorrelogram, octopucs, ordiBreadth, OTUbase, phylolm.hp, picante, rareNMtests, rdacca.hp, segRDA, spatialreg.hp, SRS, vegan3d
Reverse imports:	abseqR, adegenet, adespatial, aIc, AlleleShift, animalcules, aPCoA, Arothron, ausplotsR, barrel, BAT, BIDistances, BioTIMEr, BOLDconnectR, BRCore, CAGEr, canaper, cassandRa, cati, chemodiv, cml, CNVRG, codyn, combi, comsimitv, CoreMicrobiomeR, ctmva, DarkDiv, dartR.spatial, DataFusionGDM, dbrobust, dilp, DIscBIO, dispRity, divent, divvy, douconca, dynRB, easyCODA, easynem, ecan, ecocbo, EcoNiche, ecospat, EcotoneFinder, eDNAfuns, enmpa, entropart, ergm.sign, estar, EvaluateCore, evolqg, flowCHIC, flowCyBar, forams, fundiversity, funspace, GABB, gdm, ggScatRidges, ggvegan, GloScope, GOCompare, goeveg, GPA, graph4lg, grapherator, GRNNs, GUniFrac, holobiont, HybridMicrobiomes, iCAMP, ILSM, inecolr, ISAnalytics, isopam, knfi, LDM, LinkHD, Linnorm, LorMe, Maaslin2, MBECS, mcMST, MCseqReplic, MEAL, MEclustnet, MeLSI, memgene, metacoder, MetaDICT, metrix, mFD, mia, miaDash, microbial, microbiome, microbiomeExplorer, microbiomeMQC, MicrobiotaProcess, MicrobTiSDA, microeco, mirt, mixKernel, mixtree, mobsim, MorphoTools2, MultiTraits, mumarinex, NADA2, Nematode, neonPlantEcology, netassoc, netcom, NicheBarcoding, node2vec, NST, OmicFlow, omicplotR, Orangutan, palaeoSig, paleoAM, pathlinkR, PathoStat, patternize, PCPS, pctax, pez, phyloregion, phyloseq, phylospatial, PIUMA, PolicyPortfolios, POMA, PopGenReport, poppr, powerTCR, ProjectionBasedClustering, PRONE, QFASA, QsRutils, RaceID, rbiom, readyomics, recluster, RHC, rioja, RTCC, RVAideMemoire, scECODA, seriation, shapeR, SingleCellStat, smacofx, smartsnp, soundecology, SparseLPM, spmoran, SSP, stops, supportR, surveyvoi, SYNCSA, synergyfinder, tapnet, TaxaNorm, Toothnroll, TraMineR, tripr, tspmeta, ultrapolaRplot, ume, upset.hp, vcfR, vegclust, visvow, Xplortext, zetadiv, ztils
Reverse suggests:	abdiv, bcp, betapart, bioregion, biosampleR, bipartiteD3, bluster, CohortContrast, CrcBiomeScreen, curatedMetagenomicData, dartR, dimRed, dissCqN, divDyn, DiversityStats, DspikeIn, ecolottery, ecoregime, ecospace, ecostats, ecotraj, enveomics.R, epiphy, ethnobotanyR, futurize, GCalignR, hagis, HDANOVA, idar, iSEEtree, kohonen, LegATo, mefa, metagenomeSeq, MetaNet, MGnifyR, miaSim, miaTime, miaViz, MIDASim, MiRKAT, MMUPHin, ModStatR, mrIML, multiWGCNA, nullcat, pcutils, permute, PLSDAbatch, primer, ProcMod, pRoloc, PtH2O2lipids, raptr, ReporterScore, restoptr, Rraven, RRphylo, rtemis, sads, sharpshootR, SoundShape, spaa, SQMtools, taxize, taxodist, tidypaleo, topolow, ulrb, WeightedCluster, yaImpute
Reverse enhances:	labdsv

Linking:

Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan to link to this page.